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Arch. argent. pediatr ; 112(5): 428-433, oct. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-734272

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La hipercalciuria idiopática (HI) predispone al desarrollo de infección del tracto urinario (ITU); sin embargo, hay escasa información local sobre dicha asociación. Nuestros objetivos fueron estimar la prevalencia de HI en niños con ITU y evaluar si esta difería según la presencia o no de reflujo vesicoureteral (RVU). Complementariamente, analizamos la asociación entre HI y la ingesta de sal. Población y métodos. Determinamos la calciuria a pacientes menores de 18 años con ITU estudiada (ecografía y cistouretrografía miccional) y ausencia de causas secundarias de hipercalciuria. Consideramos HI al cociente calcio/creatinina > 0,8; 0,6; 0,5 y 0,2 en niños de 0-6 meses, 7-12 meses, 12-24 meses y en los mayores de 2 años, respectivamente; e ingesta elevada de sodio, al cociente sodio/potasio urinario > 2,5. Resultados. En 136 pacientes (87 niñas, mediana de edad 3 años), la prevalencia de HI fue de 20%. Los pacientes con (n= 54) y sin (n= 82) RVU fueron similares en género, peso, talla, edad al diagnóstico y al momento del estudio, características clínicas (hematuria, nefrolitiasis, dolor cólico y recurrencia de ITU), antecedentes familiares de nefrolitiasis y en la prevalencia de HI (26% vs. 16%, p= 0,24). Los niños hipercalciúricos presentaron ingesta elevada de sodio más frecuentemente que los normocalciúricos (76% vs. 46%, p= 0,007). Conclusiones. La prevalencia de HI en niños con ITU fue alta (20%) y no difirió entre los pacientes con y sin RVU. Sería recomendable la búsqueda de HI en los niños con ITU, independientemente de la presencia o no de RVU.


Introduction. Idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) predisposes to urinary tract infections (UTIs); however, there is scarce local information regarding such association. Our objectives were to estimate IH prevalence in children with UTI and to assess whether there were differences in relation to the presence or absence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Additionally, the association between IH and salt intake was studied. Population and Methods. Calciuria was determined in patients younger than 18 years old on whom UTI had been studied (ultrasound and voiding cystourethrogram), and who had no secondary causes of hypercalciuria. IH was defined as a calcium to creatinine ratio of >0.8, 0.6, 0.5 and 0.2 in children aged 0 to 6 months old, 7 to12 months old, 12 to 24 months old and older than 2 years old, respectively; and a high sodium intake with a urinary sodium to potassium ratio of >2.5. Results. IH prevalence among 136 patients (87 girls, median age: 3 years old) was 20%. Patients with VUR (n= 54) and without VUR (n= 82) had similar characteristics in terms of sex, weight, height, age at diagnosis and age at the time of the study, and clinical features (hematuria, nephrolithiasis, colicky pain, and recurrent UTI), family history of kidney stone formation, and IH prevalence (26% versus 16%, p= 0.24). A high sodium intake was more frequently observed in children with hypercalciuria than in those with normal urine calcium levels (76% versus 46%, p= 0.007). Conclusions. IH prevalence in children with UTI was high (20%), with no differences observed between patients with and without VUR. As a recommendation, the presence of IH should be detected in children with UTI, regardless of VUR presence or absence.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Hypercalciuria/complications , Hypercalciuria/epidemiology , Urinary Tract Infections/complications , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prevalence , Sodium Chloride, Dietary/administration & dosage , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/complications
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